四种植物蛋白的成分与营养学特性分析

Study on Components and Nutritional Properties of Four Kinds of Plant Proteins

分析了4种植物蛋白的氨基酸组成特征和营养学特性。玉米蛋白粉、大豆粉、棉籽蛋白粉、花生饼粉蛋白质质量分数分别为61.60%,38.18%,51.49%,43.15%。大豆粉氨基酸组成比较均衡;棉籽蛋白粉、花生饼粉中多种必需氨基酸组成与大豆蛋白接近,但蛋氨酸含量较低;玉米蛋白粉富含亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸等支链氨基酸,但其中赖氨酸、色氨酸含量明显低于其他3种植物蛋白。建议根据蛋白资源的氨基酸特色组成,合理搭配互补,以提高谷物蛋白质营养价值。

Amino acid components and nutritional properties of four kinds of plant proteins were analyzed in this study. The protein contents of corn gluten meal,soybean powder,cottonseed protein powder,and peanut meal were 61. 60%,38. 18%,51. 49%,and 43. 15%. Soybean meal had the balanced amino acids compositions. Essential amino acids contents in cottonseed protein powder and peanut meal were similar to those in soybean flour while the Met contents were lower. Corn gluten meal was rich in Leu,Ile,Val and other branched chain amino acids. However,the Lys and Try contents were remarkably lower than other vegetable proteins. Therefore,according to the characters of amino acid compositions and functional features,a reasonable complement of different proteins could improve the nutritional value.