石墨烯的功能化及其在药物递送和生物医药领域中的应用

Modifications of Graphene and the Applications in Drug Delivery and Biomedical Fileds

石墨烯具有蜂窝状的二维平面结构,是目前厚度最薄的材料,且物理机械性质及光电特性优良。由于石墨烯在水及常见有机溶剂中难以分散,导致其难以被细胞摄取,且细胞毒性较大。因此,对其进行功能化以提高其分散性及生物相容性尤为重要。本文综述了石墨烯的不同功能化方法、体内外毒性以及在生物医药领域的研究进展,包括药物载体及多功能载体的构建、光动力治疗、光热治疗、靶向治疗等方面。

Graphene possesses a two-demensional honeycomb structure and it is the thinnest material with excellent physical, mechanical, optical and electrical properties. But the nature of graphene makes it difficult to disperse in water and several commonly used organic solvents, resulting in a low cellular uptake. Besides, the cytotoxicity of graphene is high. Thus, modifications are especially important to graphene in improving dispersibility and biocompatibility. This article describes different modification methods about graphene, in vitro and in vivo toxicity and the advancements about the applications in drug delivery and biomedical fields including the construct of drug carrier or multifunctional carrier, photodynamic therapy （PDT）, photothermal therapy （PTT）, targeting therapy and so on.