人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈癌

Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer

宫颈癌是常见的妇科三大恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁着女性的生命和健康。研究发现,人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomaviruses,HPV)感染与宫颈癌的发生、发展关系密切。HPV致癌是一个多步骤的、渐进的复杂过程,其中早期基因编码的E6、E7蛋白起着关键作用,早期基因编码的E2蛋白和晚期基因编码的L1蛋白也参与了致癌过程。阐明HPV致癌的机制有助于临床工作者加深对宫颈癌的认识、积极筛查和治疗HPV感染以减少宫颈癌的发生,有利于对已确诊为宫颈癌或癌前病变患者的治疗评估和风险分析。

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignant tumors and can seriously threaten the health of women. There are many studies which confirmed that human papillomavirus（HPV） infection was an essential condition for the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. Carcinogenesis of HPV is a gradual complex process with multiple steps, in which protein E6 and E7 encoded by early genes are thought to play a key role, while protein E2 and L1 are also involved in the carcinogenesis. Elucidation of the mechanism of carcinogenic HPV is helpful for gynecologists to deepen the awareness of cervical cancer and to actively screen and treat HPV infection so as to reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer, which is of benefit to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cervical cancer or precancerous lesions.