乌江流域淡水生态系统服务时空变化特征分析

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Fresh Water Ecosystem Services in Wujiang River Basin

淡水生态系统服务是生态系统服务研究的重要内容,对区域社会经济可持续发展具有重要的意义。本研究利用In VEST(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs)模型,对1990-2010年乌江流域水土保持和水供给服务时空特征进行了分析。结果表明,研究期间,乌江流域水土保持和水供给服务均呈先增加后降低趋势;水土保持和水供给的总量空间格局变化明显较平均值空间格局变化大;中部、西南部和北部是流域水土保持总量和平均值变化较为突出区域,北部和中南部是流域水供给总量和平均值变化较为突出区域,中东部一直为水土保持和水供给变化率变化最大区域;气候是导致乌江流域水土保持和水供给服务变化的主导因素,而土地利用变化的影响相对较小。研究结果将对区域生态环境规划提供科学参考。

As an important part of ecosystem service, freshwater ecosystem services have vital significance for re- gional social and economic sustainable development. The spatiotemporal characteristics of soil retention and water supply in Wujiang River Basin from 1990 to 2010 were analyzed by using the INVEST （ Integrated Valuation of Eco- system Services and Tradeoffs） model. The results show that soil retention and water supply during the study period in Wujiang River Basin experienced an initial increase, and then a decline. Spatial pattern change of the total soil retention and water supply is higher than that of the average soil retention and water supply; The central, north and southwest parts of the whole basin had great change of the total and average soil retention, while south central and north parts of the whole basin showed an obvious change of the total and average water supply. The mid-east part of the whole basin had the biggest change rate of soil retention and water supply. Climate change is the domi- nant factor resulting in the change of soil retention and water supply in Wujiang River Basin, while land-use change has a relative small effects on soil retention and water supply. The results will provide some scientific refer- encse for ecological environmental planning of particular region.