云南4种棕榈藤材弯曲性能比较

Bending Properties of 4 Rattan Canes in Yunnan

通过对云南4种棕榈藤材抗弯、抗压、抗拉性能变异及密度变异进行测量,评价藤材的弯曲性能。结果表明,(1)云南省藤和版纳省藤材质均匀,弯曲性能好,是优良的藤制品用材。钩叶藤和高地钩叶藤沿径向密度和各力学性质差异明显,藤芯脆弱,密度小,但藤皮力学性能好,加工利用中藤芯不宜单独使用,藤皮可作为编织材料,弯曲成型过程中宜整藤使用;(2)与木材和竹材比较,4种棕榈藤材力学性质差异明显:抗压强度与抗拉强度较低,抗压比例极限应力与强度的比值较小,破坏变形量大,弹性模量小而抗弯强度大,具有独特的柔韧性,具有良好的弯曲性能和工艺性能。

The air-dry density, bending strength, compressive strength and extension strength of Calamus. yunanensis, C. nambariensis var. xishuangbannaensis, Plectocomia. himalayana and P. kerrarta in Yun- nan were studied in this research. The result showed that ： （ 1 ） C. yunnanensis and C. rtambariertsis had good per- formance for utilization with good bending property and non-significant differences in radial horizontal direction （ core, middle and cortex parts） . There were significant differences of P. himalayana and P. kerrarta in radial hor- izontal direction, and the core part was weak because of low density, but mechanical properties in cortex part were good. In this sense, the core part should not be utilized separately , while cortex part can be used for knit and it was better to utilized as a whole during bending processing. （2） Compared with wood and bamboo, the differences of rattan mechanical properties were significant because of lower compressive strength and extension strength, larger damage deformation, lower MOE and larger MOR.