代乳料-犊牛料不同哺育方案对0～2月龄断奶公犊生长发育的影响

Effects of different feeding scheme with milk replacer and calve starter on growth in early weaning calves

试验旨在为中国荷斯坦犊牛的早期断奶人工培育提供参考。选择品种来源一致、体重（38．00±2．83）kg、平均出生时间1．83d的健康中国荷斯坦奶公犊36头，采用L9（3^4）正交试验设计，研究代乳料中添加以甘露寡糖为主的非抗生素营养调控剂、补充以消化酶为主的外源复合酶制剂、以大豆浓缩蛋白为主的非乳源性蛋白不同替代比例以及代乳料-犊牛料不同哺育方案对早期断奶犊牛初生～2月龄生长发育的影响。结果显示，4因子对犊牛初生～2月龄平均日增重（ADG）调控效果的最佳优化组合为：非抗生素营养调控剂0．36％、非乳源性蛋白85％、复合酶制剂0．20％以及哺育方案代乳料7周＋犊牛料1周过渡，对ADG的影响分别为802、779、754和770g。初生～1月龄以非乳源性蛋白为主效因子。1～2月龄以非抗生素营养调控剂为主效因子。中国荷斯坦公犊初生-2月龄体尺与体重的回归公式为：体重（奴）=胸围（m2）×体斜长（m）×96．08-10．80。结果表明，在合理添加以甘露寡糖为主的非抗生素营养调控剂与补充外源复合酶制剂的条件下，代乳料中使用85％的非乳源性蛋白对初生～2月龄中国荷斯坦公犊可取得良好的增重效果。

The objective of this experiment was to provide information for artificial feeding of early weaning China Holstein calves. 36 healthy China Holstein male calves with average age of 1.83 d and average body weight of （35.00＋2.83） kg were divided into 9 groups randomly, by using of L9 （34） orthogonal experimental design to ascertain the effect of taking mannan oligosaccharides as main non- antibiotic regulator, exogenous enzyme complex as main digestive enzyme, different substitution ratio of soy protein concentrate as main non-milk protein source and different feeding scheme with milk replacer or calf starter on growth and development of China Holstein calves from newborn to 2- month old. The results showed that the factor optimization was by 0.36% non-antibiotic regulators, 85% non-milk protein substitution, 0.20% enzyme complex and 7 weeks milk replacer plus 1 week calf starter. And the average daily gain （ADG） was 802, 779, 754, 770 g correspondingly. Body weight （kg）=chest measurement （m2） ×body slanting length （m） ×96.08-10.80. The findings indicated that the milk replacer with 85% non-milk pro- tein, under reasonable supplements of mannan oligosaccharide and the exogenous digestive en- zyme, could generate favorable live weight gain on China Holstein bull calves.