王莽新政的货币政策研究

Monetary Policy Research of Wangmang's New Deals

王莽居摄、篡位期间,先后四次改易币制。频繁推出的新版货币严重扰乱了国民经济的正常运行。朝令夕改、材质多样、面值繁复、换算不合理、铸币机构冗杂,是该时期货币政策的典型特点。由于若干小额币种的融炼重铸,可以得到等重的超值新币,所以引发了大规模的民间盗铸。此外,因为这种设计漏洞,新莽政权也在客观上实现了惊人规模的财富掠夺。这种实际效果,可能正是王莽推行币政改革的目的所在。为推行新币、打击盗铸,新朝政府先后采取了严刑峻法等一系列手段,但始终未能从根本解决问题,社会矛盾愈演愈烈。最终揭竿而起的破产农民联合旧贵族,共同绞杀了短命的新朝政权。

As prince regent and usurper of the Western Han Dynasty, Wangmang 4 times reformed the currency system. These frequently launched new policies seriously disturbed the normal operation of the national economy. The typical characteristics are as follows： changeable system, various monetary value, unequal current translation and miscellaneous organizations. At that time, the melting and recasting of the old small denomination coins could get the over-valued new ones, which sparked widespread private casting. Thus Wangmang＇s regime plundered an astonishing account of wealth objectively. And to some extent, this may be followed the purpose of Wangmang＇s reform. Despite the new regime adopted a series of harsh punishment to issue the new currency and combat the private casting, it failed to fundamentally solve the above existing problems. As a consequence, social conflicts intensified with the worse situation. Farmers, united with the old aristocracy, eventually overthrew the short-lived regime of Wangmang.