水波波速与其表面张力关系的实验研究

Experimental research on the relationship between wave velocity and surface tension

根据水波波速与其表面张力的理论关系,自行设计实验于不同温度下测量多组数据进行验证,并分析实验结果.实验中自制U型管测量液体表面张力,并通过录制视频的方式来记录水波传播过程,且创新地将正在计时的秒表一同录入视频中,提高了测量精度.在电脑上单帧播放视频,在每帧画面中读出水波波峰的位置以及当前时刻,用波峰前进距离除以时间得到波速.该实验改良了传统测量方法,思路清晰,设计新颖,具有操作简单,测量精度高的优点.

According to the theoretical relationship between wave velocity and surface tension,we design the experiment in a range of temperature and analyze the experimental results. The U- tubes we applied in the experiment are self-made ones. We measure the surface tension of the liquid and video the process of the liquid transition. The specialty of this process is the footage of the clock,which we also video during the experiment. If one displays our video on computer by each frame,one will see the peak of the wave and the exact time simultaneously. If one divides the distance of the peak movement with time,one can get the speed of the waves. An involved method is compared with the traditional ones in this experiment,the new method makes the experiment easier in process and precise in measurement.