磷酸酯型氟硅表面活性剂的制备及性能研究

Preparation and properties of phosphate fluorosilicone surfactants

以含氢氟硅油(FPHMS)、聚乙二醇单烯丙基醚(FAE-10)和磷酸等为主要原料,经硅氢加成反应、酯化反应制得一种磷酸酯型氟硅表面活性剂(PFSS)。用红外光谱(IR)对其结构进行了表征,并对PFSS的临界胶束浓度(cmc)、临界表面张力(γcmc)、耐酸碱盐性、在硬水中的稳定性以及对整理织物的应用性能等进行了测试。结果表明:PFSS水溶液的γcmc为28.4 m N/m,cmc为0.2 g/L。PFSS溶液具有很好的耐酸碱盐稳定性,在硬水中的稳定性为5级。和空白布样相比,经PFSS水乳液整理的织物柔软性能显著提高,白度和吸水性几乎不变。随PFSS用量的增大,整理织物的柔软性呈先提高后下降的趋势,但织物白度和吸水性变化不大。整理织物对菜籽油的拒油性按照AATCC 118进行评级,结果为合格,对可乐、茶水、墨水的去污效果均达5级。

A novel phosphate fluorosilicone surfactants（PFSS） was synthesized through hydrosilylation and esterification reaction using the hydrogen-containing fluorine polysiloxane（FPHMS）, polyethylene glycol monoallyl ether（FAE-10） and phosphoric acid as the raw materials. The chemical structure of PFSS was characterized by IR. The properties of PFSS, such as critical micelle concentration（cmc）, critical surface tension（γcmc）, resistance to acid, alkali and salt, stability in hard water, as well as the application performance of the fabric treated by PFSS solution were tested. The results showed that the cmc of PFSS solution was 0.2 g/L, γcmc of PFSS solution was 28.4 m N/m. The PFSS solution had good chemical stability in acid, alkali and salt solution. The stability of PFSS in hard water was grade 5. Compared with the blank sample, the softness of the fabric treated by PFSS solution was enhanced significantly, and the whiteness and wettability of finished fabric was almost unchanged. With PFSS amount increasing, the softness of fabric treated by PFSS solution increased first and then declined, however the whiteness and wettability of treated fabrics changed a little. According to AATCC 118, the oil-repellency rating result of treated fabric qualified for colza oil, and the soil release property reached level 5 for coke, tea water and ink.