扶贫生态移民就业创业路径探讨——以贵州省为例

Path Research on Employment and Entrepreneurship of the Ecological Migration-A Case Analysis of Guizhou Province

扶贫生态移民政策是城乡统筹的重要措施,直接关乎国家全面建成小康社会战略目标的进程。贵州省自2012年实施以消除贫困和保护生态为目的的扶贫生态移民工程以来,在经济、社会和生态方面取得了明显的成效,受到移民的广泛好评。但是在实地调研中发现移民存在债务负担重、生活成本高和耕地资源不足等问题,亟需后续的发展政策予以支持和解决。然而,针对移民后续发展的就业和创业政策并未得到较好的实施。因此,需要基于实际调查,对移民就业创业的困境从移民自身、政策、社会和市场四方面进行原因分析,进一步提出"对内推力、对外拉力"的具体路径思考。

The Ecological Migration Policy is an important measure that promotes overall urban-rural development,which directly relates to the progress of achieving the target of building a comprehensively well-off society. GuizhouProvince has implemented the Ecological Migration Project aimed at eliminating poverty and protecting ecology since2012, and achieved remarkable results in the economy, society and ecological environment, which is widely welcomedby the immigrants. But through some field researches, it＇s discovered that some problems like heavy debt burden, highliving cost and insufficient cultivated land resources exist among the immigrants, which urgently need the follow-up de-velopment policy to support and resolve. Obviously, follow-up employment policy and entrepreneurship policy for theimmigrants have not been executed well. Therefore, it needs to analyze based on the field research the problems andtheir causes from the following 4 aspects： the immigrants themselves, policy, society and labor market, and then put for-ward the path of ＂Internal Thrust, External Tension＂as a solution.