农村流动人口“回流”动因的社会学分析

The Analysis of the "Reflux" of Rural Migrants in Sociological Perspective

当下我国"回流"正经历"生存型"向"社会理性型"转变,经济、制度、社会等因素共同作用与影响着农村流动人口做出"回流"决定。同时,我国的"回流"现象可分为主动"回流"与被动"回流",而被动"回流"的出现不仅展现出我国农村流动人口在城市生活的艰难,更对我国城市化的发展造成影响。其中产业结构升级、多项制度脱嵌、社会认同度低成为城市推离农村流动人口的主要力量;惠农政策的不断推出,血缘、亲缘、地缘的影响成为农村拉回农村流动人口的主要力量。发展小城镇、加快制度建设、加大新型农民的培育、发展农村多元化经济成为改善这一现象的有力措施。

In recent years, the ＂reflux＂ of migrant workers in China is experiencing from ＂survival＂ to ＂social ra-tionality＂ because of the together influence of the factors like economy, institution and society. The ＂reflux＂ phe-nomenon can be divided into active ＂reflux＂ and passive ＂reflux.＂, in which the latter not only reflects the hard life ofmigrant workers in cities, but also will affect the development of urbanization of China. The major forces pushing therural migrants back to country from cities include, on one hand, industrial structure upgrading, imperfect systems andinsufficient social recognition; and on the other hand the introduction of preferential agricultural policies, blood andkinship, and geopolitical factors etc. To better this phenomenon, it＇s suggested to construct small towns, expedite policystipulation, strengthen the training of new farmers, and develop multiple rural economy.