基于多视角的公务员职业倦怠现象分析

Multi-angle Study on the Phenomenon of Civil Servants' Job Burnout

以公务员职业倦怠现象为研究对象。首先,运用经济学中的信息不对称理论、机会成本理论分析公务员职业倦怠中的人力资源配置问题;其次,运用管理学中的ERG理论、期望理论以及公平理论分析公务员职业倦怠中的人力资源激励问题;最后结合经济学中的外部性理论分析公务员职业倦怠的影响。研究发现,由于信息不对称,择业时的盲目性会导致职业错位的产生,职业错位促使工作倦怠感的产生;机会成本的存在使得入职的公务员进行二次职业选择受阻,抑制其工作积极性,增加其职业倦怠感;需求的满足情况、个体的期望和公平感也会影响公务员职业倦怠。为此可采取完善信息传递机制、降低择业机会成本、关注公务员需求满足情况以及进行公务员心理疏导等措施进行应对。

This article takes the phenomenon of civil servants’ job burnout as its research object. First of all, it uses the information asymmetry theory and opportunity cost theory to analyze the human resource allocation problem in the job burnout of civil servants. Secondly, it uses the ERG theory, expectation theory and fair theory to analyze the human resource incentive problem of civil servants’ job burnout. Finally, it uses the externality theory in economics to analyze the effect of civil servants’ job burnout. The study ifnds that information asymmetry will lead to the generation of job dislocation, and job dislocation promotes job burnout; the opportunity cost prevents civil servants from carrying out new career choices, and therefore inhibits their enthusiasm and increases the feeling of job burnout; the fulifllment of individual needs, the individual’s expectations and feeling of fairness can also affect civil servants’ job burnout. Therefore, we can take measures to improve the information transmission mechanism, reduce the cost of employment opportunities, care for the needs of civil servants and provide psychological guidance to them.