京津冀一体化中的市场失灵与去功能化——对成熟城市群发展经验的借鉴

The Market Failure and the Disablement in the Integration of Jing-Jin-Ji——References from the Experience of Mature City-clusters

借鉴世界成熟城市群的发展经验,对京津冀一体化的现状进行分析,可以发现,当前京津冀处于城市群的初级阶段,市场机制使核心城市以个体最优为重主导区域发展,城市间竞争大于合作,导致资源内部损耗,出现偏离区域整体最优的市场失灵。此时,亟须政府通过顶层设计打破三地各自为政的博弈困局,对核心城市去功能化,引导各城市专注于单一功能,集中资源发展差异化的主导产业,形成绝对优势。同时,降低公共服务差异,构建区域交通、通讯网络,扩展市场面临的政府行为疆界,促使京津冀向功能分散的成熟城市群过渡。

According to the development experience of mature city-clusters around the world and the analysis on the current situation of the integration of Jing-Jin-Ji, we found that Jing-Jin-Ji is at its primary stage of city-cluster. At this stage, the market mechanism drives the core city to focus on its individual optimum, dominating regional development. The competition among the cities is stronger than their cooperation. As a re-sult, it leads to internal resource spoilage, and a market failure which diverges from integrated regional optimum appears. At this moment, only the central government could break the game dilemma among the places through top-level design: accelerating the disablement of the core city;guiding cities to focus on their specialized function; concentrating resources to develop differentiated leading industries and to from their absolute advantages. Meanwhile, the government should also pay more attention to reduce the difference of public service, build regional traffic systems and communication networks to extend the boundary of government behaviors which the market could encounter, thus to transit Jing-Jin-Ji to a mature city-cluster with dispersed functions.