适宜机械采摘的茶树品种筛选

Evaluation of Tea Cultivars for Mechanical Harvest

为筛选适宜机采的茶树品种,2012~2014年对14个茶树品种机械采摘和手工采摘芽梢中标准芽叶比重和破碎芽叶比重进行调查。结果表明：丹桂、黄观音、白芽奇兰、茗科1号（金观音）、悦茗香、黄棪、福建水仙、金牡丹等8个品种机械采摘与手工采摘的完整芽叶比重（符合乌龙茶采摘标准）和新梢破碎芽叶比重接近。而肉桂、毛蟹、本山、梅占、铁观音、黄玫瑰等6个品种机械采摘的完整芽叶比重比手工采摘低,新梢破碎芽叶比重均比手工采摘高;初步得出丹桂、黄观音、白芽奇兰、金观音、悦茗香、黄棪、福建水仙、金牡丹等8个品种机采效果较好,且这些品种生长速度较快,产量较高,较适宜机械采摘。

Tea cultivars that could be suitable for mechanical tea-plucking were evaluated with respect to the buds to leaves ratio and the percent breakages of the picked shoots at harvest.Buds and leaves were plucked mechanically or manually from the bushes of 14 tea cultivars for the comparison during 2012~2014.The results showed that the shoots plucked by machine from Dangui,Huangguanyin,Baiyaqilan,Mingke 1(Jinguanyin),Yuemingxiang,Huangdan,Shuixian,and Jinmudan had a buds to leaves ratio that was close to the standard requirement for oolong tea.Mechanical picking of the standard bud and leaves proportion was lower than manual picking from Rougui,Maoxie,Benshan,Meizhan,Tieguanyin and Huangmeigui cultivars,But the manual picking of the broken bud and leaves proportion was lower than Mechanical picking from these cultivars as mentioned before.It was tentatively concluded that the abovementioned 8cultivars could potentially be cultivated for mechanical harvesting in the future,as they also grow fast with high yield.