基于顶盖举起试验的炸药内爆炸性能评估

Evaluation of the Internal Blast Performance of Explosives Based on Roof Lift Test

为了评估炸药在密闭/半密闭结构内的爆炸性能,通过自建的顶盖举起试验装置对5种典型炸药装药进行了内爆炸试验,利用冲击波超压和顶盖的举起位移评估了其内爆炸威力。结果表明,冲击波超压高的炸药,内爆炸性能不一定好,炸药的空中爆炸性能与内爆炸性能具有显著的差异;顶盖举起最大位移与炸药的非同步自氧化燃烧热具有线性关系,关系式为xmax=17.717ΔHas-5.322,相关系数R2=0.991 7;内爆类炸药应具有高燃烧热、高非同步自氧化燃烧热和适中的爆速。

To evaluate the blast performance of explosives in a closed/semi‐closed structure ,the internal blast test of five kinds of typical explosive charges was carried out through a self‐built roof lift test device .The internal blast power was evaluated by shock wave overpressure and roof lift displacement .The results show that the internal blast performances of some explosives with higher shockwave overpressure are not necessarily better .The air blast per‐formances and internal blast ones have significant difference .The roof lift maximal displacement （xmax ） has a good liner relationship with heat of combustion （ΔHas ） by asynchronous self‐oxidation ,and the relationship formula is xmax =17 .717ΔHas -5 .322 ,correlation coefficient R2 =0 .9917 .Internal blast type explosive should have high heat of combustion ,high heat of reaction by asynchronous self‐oxidation and moderate detonation velocity .