黄河呼和浩特段水动力与降雨径流耦合模型的构建

Hydrodynamic and rainfall-runoff coupling model construction of the Yellow River at Huhhot

针对目前黄河呼和浩特段污染日趋严重,没有合理、完善的水动力模型为流域水环境污染物迁移、扩散和降解模拟提供基础模型的问题,基于MIKE11水动力模块、降雨径流模块构建了黄河呼和浩特段水动力与降雨径流耦合模型,对黄河呼和浩特段降雨径流、水位、流量进行模拟分析,结果表明:降雨径流模型纳什系数E≤0.8的占2.19%,E≤0.9的占7.39%,其余为E>0.9,相对误差σ为0.04%~19.88%,黄河呼和浩特段水动力与降雨径流耦合模拟纳什系数E≥0.99,相对误差σ为0.23%~1.54%;01—06月降雨径流量0.46~8.36m^3/s,10月达到全年最大值,为26.16m^3/s;10月之后呈线性下滑趋势,并到12月初出现急剧下降状态;头道拐、河口镇、喇嘛湾断面02—03月各断面温度开始逐渐回升,且具有一定的突变现象,水位和流量突变范围分别为2.5~3.5 m和1 380~1 400m^3/s,04—12月和1月黄河呼和浩特段水位和流量相对平稳,变化范围分别为1.8~1.3m和790~800m^3/s,并在07—09月出现了一年当中的丰水期,水位和流量最大值可达988.6m和1 162.5m^3/s。

Aiming at the problem of water environment pollution of Yellow River at Huhhot,a hydrodynamic and rainfallrunoff coupling model of the Yellow River Hohhot section was constructed to simulate and analyze the rainfall-runoff、water level and discharge based on MIKE11 hydrodynamic and rainfall-runoff models.The results showed that：1）2.19% of the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of rainfall-runoff model were lower than 0.8,7.39% were lower than 0.90,and the rest was more than 0.90.The relative error was ranged from 0.04%to 19.88%.The Nash-Sutcliffe coefficients of hydrodynamic and rainfall-runoff coupling model in the Yellow River at Hohhot was over 0.99 and its relative error was0.23%-1.54%;2）From January to June,the rainfall-runoff discharge was 0.46-8.36 m^3/s,and reached the maximum value in October,which was 26.16 m^3/s.The linear declined after October,with a sharp fell in early December;3）From February to March,the temperature of Toudaoguai,Hekouzhen and Lamawan sections began to rise gradually and displayed a mutation phenomenon.And the water level and discharge separately were 2.5-3.5mand1 380-1 400 m^3/s,respectively.From April to December and January,the water level and discharge remained relatively stable,which were 1.8-1.3mand 790-800m^3/s,respectively.From July to September,the high water season of a year appeared and the water level and discharge separately were 988.6mand 1 162.5m^3/s respectively.