钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、磷等微量元素变化与不良妊娠结局的相关性研究

Study on the Relationship Between the Changes of Trace Elements such as Calcium, Magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus and adverse pregnancy outcome

目的:探讨钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、磷等微量元素变化与不良妊娠结局的相关性,为合理指导妊娠期检查、补充微量元素提供参考,以及为预防不良妊娠结局提供依据。方法:选择本院2012年6月-2013年9月体检的200例健康体检孕妇作为正常妊娠组,选择同期收治的200例发生不良妊娠结局的孕妇作为不良妊娠组。采用原子吸收分光光度法对两组孕妇血液中的钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、磷等微量元素的含量进行分析,对比两组孕妇血液中的钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、磷的含量。结果:不良妊娠组孕妇随着妊娠周期的增加,血液中的钙、铁、锌、磷含量不断降低,和同期正常妊娠组相比(P<0.05)。孕早期的不良妊娠组孕妇血液中的铜含量低于同期正常妊娠组(P<0.05);孕中期和孕晚期两组孕妇血液中的铜含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。镁、磷在两组孕妇血液中含量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:微量元素的变化可影响妊娠结局,微量元素钙、铁、锌、铜含量异常可能导致妊娠期间先兆流产、死胎及胎膜早破等不良妊娠结局的发生。孕妇应注意摄入足量的钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、磷等微量元素,对预防流产、死胎及胎膜早破的发生具有一定的积极意义。根据孕妇体内微量元素含量的变化,合理指导孕妇补充不同的微量元素饮食,有利于妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate the correlation between calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus and other trace elements change and adverse pregnancy outcomes, to provide a reference guide for reasonable pregnancy checks and micronutrient supplementation, and to provide the basis for the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods 200 healthy pregnant women and 200 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy, who had antenatal cares from June 2012 to September 2013 in our hospital, were selected and set into control group and observation group. Using atomic absorption spectrophotometry to analyze calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus and other trace elements, and comparing two groups of patients＇ those trace elements in the blood. Results Compared with pregnant women of the same period in normal group（control group？）, those of adverse pregnancy group had lower levels of calcium, iron, zinc, phosphorus in the blood with the increase of pregnancy cycle, which showed significant differences. Second, pregnant women in adverse pregnancy had a lower blood level of copper than those in normal pregnancy group in the first trimester, in which the difference was statistically significant. While the difference in copper between the second trimester and third trimester was no statistically significant. However, in the second trimester, the difference was not statistically significant; differences in magnesium and phosphorus in the blood of pregnant women between the two groups were not statistically significant. Conclusion The changes in trace elements can affect pregnancy outcomes. Abnormally levels of calcium, iron, zinc, and copper may lead to threatened miscarriage, stillbirth and premature rupture of membranes and other adverse pregnancy outcomes during pregnancy. Therefore, it is effective on the prevention of miscarriage, stillbirth and premature rupture of membranes for pregnant women to pay attentions to food that is rich in calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus and other trace elements. It is beneficial for outcomes of pregnancies to guide pregnant women to supplement different trace elements from diets in accordance with their changes in the levels of trace elements.