碘造影剂过敏样反应发生机制研究进展及防治

Research progress on pathophysiology of hypersensitivity reactions induced by iodinated contrast media and relative prevention and treatment approaches

目的:综述碘造影剂(ICM)过敏样反应发生机制研究进展。方法:参考国外相关文献,从膜效应、补体系统激活、缓激肽释放、Ig-E介导的抗原抗体反应、T细胞介导的免疫反应这5个方面,对ICM过敏样反应发生机制研究进行综述。结果和结论:ICM过敏样反应中绝大多数属于类过敏反应,真正的过敏反应很少,因此皮肤试验假阴性概率高,大规模推广造影前进行皮试意义不大。

Objective： To summarize the progress on pathophysiology of hypersensitivity reactions induced by iodinated contrast media.Methods： The data of mechanism of hypersensitivity reactions induced by iodinated contrast media （ICM） domestically and internationally in recent years was collected and analyzed.Results and conclusion：Most hypersensitivity reactions of ICM are non-allergic reactions, the real allergic reactions are few, so false negative result of skin test often happens and promoting skin test before using the ICM is of slighlt significance.