潮湿沥青路面抗滑性能数值模拟

Numerical simulation on skid resistance property of wet asphalt pavement

为了模拟评价不同条件下潮湿沥青路面的抗滑性能,利用分形理论中的IFS插值方法在MATLAB中编程生成三维沥青路表,将其导入有限元软件ABAQUS中,生成与实际相符的三维路表,并建立轮胎-路面接触模型;将计算流体动力学软件FLUENT计算得到的水膜对轮胎作用力结果导入ABAQUS软件中以表征水膜影响,最终建立轮胎在潮湿路面上的高速行驶模型;以附着系数为抗滑指标,分析沥青路面在车、路、环境综合作用下的抗滑性能。研究结果表明:轮胎与路面间的附着系数随车速提高而下降,随轮胎荷载增加而增加,随轮胎胎压的减小而增加;附着系数随水膜厚度的增加而降低,且水膜厚度较小时,附着系数随车速变化较明显;在速度较小时,水膜厚度对附着系数的影响较大;附着系数随构造深度的增加而增加,但当构造深度增加到一定程度时,继续增加构造深度不能显著地改善沥青路面抗滑性能,还会带来负面影响。

In order to simulate and evaluate the skid resistance property of wet asphalt pavement,IFS interpolation method was used to build a 3D asphalt pavement surface texture model in MATLAB.The 3D asphalt pavement surface model was then imported into FEM software（ABAQUS）.The contact model between the tire and pavement surface was constructed thereafter.The results on the acting force of water film on the tire from FLUENT were also imported into ABAQUS to characterize the influence of the water film.Based on the above efforts,the final model,which simulates high speed tire upon wet pavement surface,was established.The adhesion coefficient was set as anti-skid index to evaluate skid resistance property of asphalt pavement under synthetic action among vehicles,roads and environment.The results show that the adhesion coefficient between tires and pavement surface decreases with the increase of driving speed,while it increases with the increase of traffic loading and the decrease of tire pressure,and decreases with the increase of water membrane thickness.Adhesion coefficient changes rapidly with vehicle speed when water membranethickness is relatively thin.Thickness of water membrane affects the adhesion coefficient substantially in a low driving speed,andadhesion coefficient increases with the increase of texture depth.However,when the texture depth reaches a critical value,additional texture depth will bring negative impact instead of enhancing the anti-skid performance.14 figs,20refs.