鼻咽癌患者放化疗致口腔粘膜炎的护理

Nursing Care of Oral Mucositis Caused by Radiochemotherapy of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

目的了解护理干预对鼻咽癌患者放化疗致口腔粘膜炎的影响。方法对26例鼻咽癌放化疗患者实施综合的护理干预,包括放化疗前实施预防措施,口腔粘膜炎发生后进行护理干预及心理疏导。结果通过预防和护理干预,患者口腔粘膜水肿及疼痛症状得到了及时有效的控制并逐渐缓解,26例患者均完成整个治疗过程,有12例发生Ⅰ级口腔粘膜炎,有8例发生Ⅱ级口腔粘膜炎,有3例发生Ⅲ级口腔粘膜炎,口腔粘膜炎的发生率为88.5%(23/26)。23例患者可正常进食普食,3例溃疡面积较大患者行半流质饮食。结论及时有效的护理干预能使患者口腔粘膜炎的症状得到较好的控制,能够改善患者的生活质量,保证治疗的顺利进行。

Objective To investigate the effect of nursing intervention on oral mucositis caused by radiochemotherapy of nasopha-ryngeal carcinoma. Methods Comprehensive nursing intervention was conducted on 26 patients who were given radiochemotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, including the preventive measures before the therapy, and nursing intervention and psychological counse-ling carried out after the occurrence of oral mucositis. Results The edema and pain in patients with oral mucosal got controlled effec-tively in time and relieved gradually after prevention and nursing intervention. Among all of the 26 patients who were treated with the whole course, Grade I oral mucositis occurred to 12 cases, Grade II to 8 cases, and Grade III to 3 cases, with an incidence of 88. 5% （23/26）. 23 patients could have normal diet, and 3 cases with large ulcer were given semi liquid diet. Conclusion Timely and effective nursing intervention can help control the symptoms of oral mucositis, improve the quality of life and ensure the progress of the treatment.