完美主义与结果效价对大学生反事实思维的影响

Effect of Perfectionism and Outcome Valence on Counterfactual Thinking among College Students

目的:探讨完美主义、结果效价对大学生反事实思维的影响。方法:用近乎完美量表修订版的中文修订版和反事实思维问卷,对南京市两所高校共529名大学生进行施测。结果:1全体被试在完美主义量表中的高标准维度、差异维度的中位数分别为30和45,4类完美主义人群的比例为:积极追求卓越者21.4%、临床完美主义者32.9%、自我满足者25.1%和自我挫败者20.6%;2完美主义类型在大学生自我导向(F=4.81,P<0.01)和他人导向(F=4.19,P<0.01)反事实思维上的主效应显著;结果效价在大学生自我导向(t=-5.12,P<0.001)和他人导向(t=4.19,P<0.001)反事实思维上的主效应显著;完美主义类型和结果效价在他人导向反事实思维上的交互效应显著(F=2.47,P<0.05)。结论:完美主义类型和结果效价会对大学生的自我导向和他人导向的反事实思维产生一定的影响。

Objective ：To investigate the effect of perfectionism and outcome valence on counterfactual thinking a ‐mong college students .Methods ：A total of 529 college students from 2 universities in Nanjing were measured by Chi‐nese Revised Edition of Slaney’s Almost Perfect Scale - Revised（APS - R - CR）and Counterfactual Thinking Ques‐tionnaire .Results ：① Median method was used and the medians of high standard and discrepancy dimensions were re‐spectively 30 and 45 ,which divided people into four groups ,namely people who were positively striving for excellence （21 .4% ） ,clinical perfectionists（32 .9% ） ,people who were self - satisfied（25 .1% ） ,people who were self - defeated （25 .1% ） .② Multivariate analysis of variance indicated the main effect of perfectionism types on college students ＇self- referent（F = 4 .81 ,P 〈 0 .01）and other - referent（F = 4 .19 ,P 〈 0 .01）counterfactual thinking was significant ,the main effect of outcome valence on college students＇self - referent（t = ‐5 .12 ,P 〈 0 .001）and other - referent（t = 4 .19 , P 〈 0 .001）counterfactual thinking was significant ,the interactive effect of types of perfectionism and outcome va‐lence in other - referent counterfactual thinking was significant （F = 2 .47 ,P 〈 0 .05） .Conclusion ：Types of perfection‐ism and outcome valence do have an effect on college students ＇self - referent and other - referent counterfactual thinking .