大学生自杀意念与死亡态度的相关分析

The Relationship between Suicide Ideation and Attitude towards Death among College Students

目的:探讨芜湖市大学生自杀意念人口学特点及其与死亡态度的相关性,为高校开展心理健康和自杀预防管理工作提供依据。方法:于芜湖两所高校分层整群抽取在校大学生为研究对象,以自杀意念自评量表(SSIOS)及死亡态度描绘量表(DAP—R)为测量工具对其进行调查。结果:950名被调查对象中,自杀意念平均分为(10.61±2.43)分,自杀意念发生率为27.1%,且在是否独生子女(χ2=5.957,P=0.015)特征上有统计学差异;大学生自杀意念得分在不同生源所在地及是否独生子女间差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);大学生死亡态度平均得分为(2.61±0.51)分;自然接受维度得分(3.58±0.80)较高,大学生有自杀意念者死亡恐惧、趋近接受、逃离接受维度和死亡态度总分均明显高于无自杀意念者(P<0.05);绝望因子与死亡恐惧(r=0.216)及死亡逃避(r=0.098)维度呈正相关,乐观因子与趋近接受(r=-0.132)及逃避接受(r=-0.155)维度呈负相关。结论:芜湖市大学生自杀意念发生率处于较高水平,自杀意念与死亡态度呈低度相关。

Objective ：To explore demographic characteristics of suicide ideation and its relationship with the atti‐tude to death among college students in Wuhu ,and provide basic information for the managerial work of mental health suicide prevention for universities .Methods ：A questionnaire survey was conducted with Self - rating Idea of Suicide Scale（SSIOS）and Death Attitude Profile - Revised（DAP — R）scale among students of two colleges in Wuhu by stratified cluster sampling .Results ：The average score of suicide ideation was （10 .61 ± 2 .43）among 950 participates . The incidence of suicide ideation was 27 .1% and significant difference among whether they were the one - child（χ2 =5 .957 ,P 〈 0 .05） .The score of colleges’ suicidal ideation was statistical significance among different census register seat ,and whether they were the one - child（P 〈 0 .05） .The average score of death attitude was （2 .61 ± 0 .51） ,while natural acceptance dimension’ score was the highest （3 .58 ± 0 .80） .The score of death fear ,approach death accept‐ance ,escape death acceptance and the total score among students who had suicidal ideation were significantly higher than that without suicidal ideation（P 〈 0 .05） .The despair factor showed positively correlation with death fear （r =0 .216）and death escaping dimension（r = 0 .098） ,while positive factor showed negatively correlation with towards ac ‐ceptance（r = ‐0 .132）and escaping acceptance（r = ‐0 .155） .Conclusion ：The incidence of suicide ideation among college students in Wuhu is high and different in demography characteristic .Also ,suicidal ideation and death attitude among college students show low degree of correlation .The university should take corresponding measures such as the edu‐cation of mental health and monitoring and prevention of suicide .