小学儿童体适能、执行功能与学业成绩三者的关系

Physical Fitness,Executive Functioning,and Academic Achievement in Primary School Children

目的:探讨小学儿童体适能、执行功能与学业成绩的关系模型。方法:采用立定跳远、仰卧起坐、10×5米往返跑、伦敦塔任务和连线任务对248名小学儿童进行测查,并收集期中和期末成绩。结果:1除10×5往返跑与语文成绩、伦敦塔任务,仰卧起坐与语文成绩、英语成绩,伦敦塔任务与立定跳远成绩相关不显著外(P>0.05),其余各变量间均呈不同程度的显著相关(P<0.05);2结构方程模型结果显示,执行功能在体适能与小学儿童学业成绩关系间起着完全中介作用。结论:体适能和执行功能对小学儿童学业成绩有重要影响。执行功能在体适能对小学儿童学业成绩的影响中起完全中介作用。

Objective ：To explore the relationship between physical fitness ,executive functioning and academic a‐chievement in primary school children .Methods ：248 primary school children were investigated with standing broad jump ,sit - ups ,10 × 5 m shuttle run ,the Tower of London test and the Trailmaking test .Their mid - and term grades were also collected .Results ：① The results of correlation analysis indicated that ,except 10 × 5 m shuttle run with Chinese and the Tower of London test ,sit - ups with Chinese and English ,the Tower of London test with standing broad jump ,all of the rest factors of physical fitness ,executive functioning and academic achievement were significantly positive correlated with each other （P 〈 0 .05） .② The results of SEM indicated that the effect of physical fitness on academic achievement was fully mediated by executive functioning .Conclusion ：The physical fitness and ex‐ecutive functioning have important influence on academic achievement in primary school children .The executive func‐tioning plays a fully mediating role in the relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement .