制备工艺对微孔陶瓷灌水器结构与水力性能的影响

Effect of preparation process on structure and hydraulic performance of porous ceramic irrigation emitter

灌水器是渗灌技术的关键设备。本文以石英砂和滑石粉为主要原料,研制出一种新型低压渗灌用微孔陶瓷灌水器。对微孔陶瓷的开口孔隙率、密度以及微观形貌进行测试,并利用微观照片统计孔径,测试压力-流量关系,研究配比和烧结温度对微孔陶瓷灌水器结构与水力性能的影响。结果表明：改变原料配比会影响灌水器材料的孔径和流量,微孔陶瓷密度会减小,但孔隙率保持30.1%-32.0%之间;烧结温度与流量呈正相关,当烧结温度为1200℃时孔径在10-40μm范围内分布较均匀。综合对比各项指标,微孔陶瓷灌水器在12 MPa压力下滑石粉掺量以20%为宜,最佳烧结温度为1200℃。

Since the existing infiltration irrigation materials are costly, easy to aging, and highly energyconsumptive, the development of infiltration irrigation technique has been severely constrained. This paper presents a new micro-porous ceramic irrigation emitter for low-pressure infiltration irrigation using quartz sand and talc powder as the main raw materials. We have experimentally tested the open porosity, density, and micro-topography of these ceramic materials and analyzed the effect of material proportion and sintering temperature on structure and hydraulic performance of this new emitter, including bore diameters determined using microscopic photos and a pressure-flow relationship. And the preparation technology of the emitter has been optimized against two indicators of the emitter, its structure and hydraulic performance. The results show that a change in material proportion affects bore diameters and water flow and causes a decrease in the density of micro-porous ceramic while the corresponding changes in open porosity are insignificant, staying in a range of 30.1% ～ 32.0%. Sintering temperature and flow rate have a positive relationship. When sintering temperature reaches the threshold of 1200 ℃, bore diameter becomes uniformly distributed in the range of 10 ～ 40 μm. Based on a comprehensive comparison of the indicators, the talc powder content of 20% under pressure 12 MPa and the sintering temperature of 1200 ℃ are recommended for the new emitter.