辽宁省成人肛肠疾病流行病学调查

Epidemiological Survey on Adult Common Anorectal Diseases in Liaoning Province

为调查辽宁省成人肛肠疾病患病趋势，对肛肠疾病患病规律进行分析，为全国肛肠疾病流行病学研究提供资料。采用分层整群抽样方法，对辽宁省2300名成人进行问卷调查，回收2247份（男1156名，女1091名；年龄18～83岁），分析其一般情况（人口学资料、疾病相关因素），对于疑似有肛肠疾病者，进行体格检查。对资料进行统计分析。结果显示，辽宁省成人肛肠疾病的患病率为33．16％，其中痔患病率最高，其次为肛周湿疹、肛裂和肛瘘。女性患病率高于男性，其中痔、肛周湿疹、肛裂患者女性多于男性，而肛瘘发病率男性高于女性。30～59岁人群肛肠疾病高发，平均年龄（38．00±6．25）岁。不同民族的人群肛肠疾病患病率无明显差异。不同性质的职业中，以久坐、久站、久蹲、活动量少为主的人群患病率更高。有吸烟、嗜酒、忽视便意、排便时间过长、缺乏锻炼等习惯者发病率亦显著增高。结果表明，辽宁地区肛肠疾病患病现象较普遍，性别、年龄、职业性质、工作压力、饮食习惯、生活方式等因素与疾病的发生相关，应加强对肛肠疾病的宣传力度，养成良好的生活及饮食习惯，降低肛肠疾病的患病风险。

This study was to explore the pathogeny trend of adult common anorectal disease in Liaoning province, and further analyzed the law of these diseases, so that to provide the information for national epi- demiological research.This study adopted population layer sampling method, surveyed 2 300 adults through questionnaire;totally recovered 2 247 questionnaires （male 1 156 ,female 1 091;age ranged from 18 to 83 yr.） including such genenal status as demographic data,illness-related factors, etc, for the suspected anorectal disease adults gave physical examination; finally, the obtained datas were statistically analyzed. As results,1）overall incidence of anorectal diseases in adults in liaoning province is 33.16% ,in order of hemorrhoids,perianal eczema,anal fissure,and anal fistula;2）in overall incidence female was higher that male,in hemorrhoids,perianal eczema and fissure female was more, while in anal fistula male are more; 3）as for age,the population aged 30-59 yr. are of high incidence,average age of pathogeny was 38.00±6.25 yr. ;4）as for race,there was no significant difference in incidence;5）as for occupation,who being engaged in the occupations with sitting,standing or squatting for a long time,and less exercise have higher incidence;6）oth er aspects：who having such habits as smoking, drinking hobby,ignoring defecation awareness, defecation for too long time,and lack of exercise,etc had significantly higher incidence.lt is concluded that in Liaoning province anorectal diseases are more common,which are related to sex, age,occupation, stress from work, nutrition habit and life pattern,etc,thus it should be to strenthen education for the knowledge of anorectal diseases,cultivate better life and diet habits, so that reduce disease risk of anorectal diseases.