饮用水水质指数在2014年北海市农村饮水质量评价中的应用

Application of drinking water quality index in evaluation of quality of drinking water in rural areas of Beihai City in 2014

目的应用饮用水水质指数(DWQI)综合评价2014年北海市农村饮水安全工程水质状况。方法依据2014年北海市218份农村饮水安全工程水质监测数据,应用改良袁志彬饮用水水质指数法和五色等级分类法,对农村饮用水水质进行综合评价分析。结果 2014年北海市农村饮水安全工程水质合格率仅为16.06%(35/218),DWQI为4.00±9.19。五色分级评价,绿色(1级,水质优良)24份,蓝色(2级,水质良好)53份,黄色(3级,水质较差)74份,红色(4级,水质差)38份,黑色(5级,水质很差)29份。污染水质占64.68%(141/218),水质综合评价为5级(很差黑色)。不同地区DWQI比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中合浦县水质最差,为5级(很差黑色)。不同类型、水期、水源饮用水比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论应用DWQI评价水质便于信息发布和公众理解,但还需要进一步完善;北海市农村饮水安全工程水质尤其是合浦县水质亟待提高。

[Objective]To assess the quality status of rural drinking water safety project in Beihai City in 2014 by applying the drinking water quality index（DWQI）.[Methods]On the basis of data of 218 samples from rural drinking water safety projects in Beihai City in2014,the quality of rural drinking water was assessed and analyzed by modified Yuan zhi-bin DWQI method and five grade classification method. [Results]The qualified rate of drinking water from rural drinking water safety projects in Beihai City in 2014 was only16.06%（35/218）,and DWQI was 4.00±9.19. The five grade classification method showed that there were 24 samples of green（grade 1,fine water quality）,53 samples of blue（grade2,good water quality）,74 samples of yellow（grade 3,bad water quality）,38 samples of red（grade 4,worse water quality）,and 29 samples of black（grade 5,worst water quality）. The samples of contaminated water accounted for 64.68%（141/218）,and belonged to grade 5 in comprehensive evaluation of drinking water quality（black,worst water quality）. The difference in DWQI was statistically significant among different regions（P〈0.05）,and the water quality in Hepu County was the worst（grade 5,black,worst water quality）. There were no statistically significant differences among different type,period,water source groups（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]DWQI in water quality evaluation is helpful for information dissemination and public understanding,but the index still needs to be further completed. The quality of drinking water in rural areas of Beihai City,especially in Hepu County,should be improved urgently.