浦东新区2012年-2014年市售生禽畜肉中沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌污染情况分析

Analysis of contamination levels of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat in Pudong area from 2012 to 2014

目的了解浦东地区市售生禽畜肉中沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌的污染情况。方法按GB 4789—2010对420件生禽畜肉样本中的沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌进行分离鉴定。结果 420件样本中沙门菌的检出率为18.6%,单核细胞增生性李斯特菌的检出率为7.4%。沙门菌检出率最高的为鸡肉(25.0%),单核细胞增生性李斯特菌检出率最高的为羊肉(11.1%)。沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌均在6月检出率最高,分别为28.6%和31.4%。冷冻样本中沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌的检出率分别为23.8%和10.6%,高于冷藏或常温样本。食物中致病菌的检出率为冷冻样本最高(31.9%),冷藏次之(24.8%),常温最低(15.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.741,P<0.05)。结论市售生禽畜肉存在一定程度的沙门菌和单核细胞增生性李斯特菌污染,尤其是冷冻样本更为严重,由此导致的二次污染是引发食源性疾病的隐患,应加强监测与管理。

Objective To investigate the contamination levels of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat of livestock and poultry in Pudong area. Methods 420 samples were detected for the isolation and identification of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat according to GB 4789—2010. Results The detection rates of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in raw meat were 18. 6% and 7. 4%,respectively. The contamination was the in chicken and mutoon were respectively with the highest detection rate of Salmonella（ 25. 0%） and of Listeria monocytogenes（ 11. 1%）. June in a year was the peak of pathogens detecting,and the detection rates of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were 28. 6% and 31. 4%,respectively. The detection rates of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes in frozen samples were 23. 8% and 10. 6%,respectively,higher than chilled or room temperature samples. Besides,the detection rates of pathogens in samples storing in frozen,refrigerated and room temperature were 31. 9%,24. 8%,15. 3%,respectively,and the differences had statistical difference（ χ2= 10. 741,P〈0. 05）.Conclusion The raw meat,especially storing in frozen,was frequently contaminated by Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes,so the secondary contamination caused by it is the risk for food-borne disease,we should pay more attention and enhance the management.