宁夏地区丙型肝炎基因型别研究

Study on the genotypes of hepatitis C in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)的毒株亚型和病毒在人群中的分布情况。方法采用ELISA方法对艾滋病哨点监测人群进行HCV抗体检测,抗体阳性样本进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,HCV RNA阳性样本采用反向点杂交法进行基因型别检测。结果检测各类人群13 200人次,HCV抗体阳性率为2.9%,HCV RNA阳性率为1.2%(159/13 200)。113例基因亚型检测,97例有基因分型结果,亚型检出率为85.8%。其中1b型24例(24.7%)、2a型9例(9.3%)、3a型29例(29.9%)、3b型6例(6.2%)、6a型18例(18.6%)、1b/2a混合型11例(11.3%),主要分布在吸毒和性乱人群中。采用点杂交法检测HCV分型与HCV RNA载量结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论推广在医院检测HCV基因型别及亚型,控制吸毒人群及桥梁人群仍然是宁夏HCV防治工作的重点。

Objective To investigate the hepatitis C（ HCV） subtypes and the distribution among the crowd in Ningxia. Methods The surveillance group of AIDS sentinel sites were detected by ELISA for HCV antibody,and the positive antibody samples were detected by real-time PCR,the HCV RNA-positive samples were detected for the genotypes identification by the reverse dot blot method. Results The detection was performed among all kinds of 13 200 people,with the positive rate of HCV antibody as 2. 9%,and HCV RNA positive rate of 1. 2%（ 159 /13 200）. 113 cases of gene subtypes were detected,and 97 cases showed tubtyping results,with the subtype detection rate of 85. 8%. Among them,there were 24 cases of 1b type（ 24. 7%）,9 cases of 2a type（ 9. 3%）,29 cases of type 3a（ 29. 9%）,6 cases of type 3b（ 6. 2%）,18 cases of type 6a（ 18. 6%）,and 11 cases of 1b/2a mixed type（ 11. 3%）,which mainly distributed in drug users and sex disorder group. The difference between HCV typing and HCV RNA virus load was not statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The promotion of the detection for HCV genotypes and subtypes in hospital and the control of drug users or high risk crowd are still the focus of HCV prevention and control in Ningxia.