职业接触二甲基甲酰胺人群体检结果分析

Analysis of the physical examination results of the occupational exposed to dimethylformamide

目的通过分析接触二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)某企业岗前和岗中人群体检结果,为该人群的健康监护提供动态观察依据,预防职业病的发生。方法选取某企业DMF岗位的岗前109人和岗中120人,按照卫生部GBZ188—2014《职业健康监护技术规范》的要求进行血压、尿常规、心电图、血常规、B超、肝功能和尿中DMF、NMF检查,并对体检结果进行统计学分析。结果岗中工人的心电图异常率明显高于岗前工人,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.933,P<0.05);2组人群血压、尿常规异常率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2值分别为3.427、0.029,P>0.05)。岗中工人班后尿中NMF和DMF的检出率分别为100%和26.67%,浓度分别为0.612 mg/L^20.371 mg/L、0.210 mg/L^4.235 mg/L,平均浓度分别为3.631 mg/L±5.043 mg/L、0.457 mg/L±1.271 mg/L。结论应加强二甲基甲酰胺接触人群的管理,定期进行职业健康检查,早发现、早治疗,预防职业病的发生。

Objective To analyze the medical examination results of the workers before and on duty contacting dimethylformamide（ DMF）,so as to provide basis for the dynamic observation on these people and the prevention of this occupational disease. Methods 109 workers before duty and 120 workers on duty in some enterprise were selected,and medical examination for these workers including blood pressure,roution urine,electrocardiogram（ ecg）,blood routine,ultrasound,hepatic function and DMF,NMF test in urine were conducted according to the Ministry of Health GBZ 188—2014 Technical Specification for the Occupational Health. And the health examination results were conducted for statistical analysis. Results The abnormal rate of electrocardiogram（ ecg） in workers on duty was higher than that of the workers before duty,and the difference had statistical significance（ χ2= 7. 933,P〈0. 05）; but there was no statistical significance on the difference of abnormality on blood pressure and roution urine（ χ2= 3. 427,0. 029,P〈0. 05）; the detection rates of NMF and DMF in urine were 100% and26. 67% respectively in workers on duty after work,and the concentrations were within 0. 612 mg / L-20. 371 mg / L,0. 210 mg / L-4. 235 mg / L,respectively; and the average concentrations were 3. 631 mg / L ± 5. 043 mg / L、0. 457 mg / L ±1. 271 mg / L. Conclusion We should strengthen the management on the dimethyl formamide-contact crowd,and make these crowd have a regular occupational health examinations. To detect earlier and have earlier treatment,so as to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.