考虑生态环境因素的农业生产效率——来自我国各省、区、市2003～2011年的实证分析

Efficiency of Agricultural Production by Considering Environment Factors——The Empirical Analysis of Chinese Provinces from 2003 to 2011 Years

农业生产对环境的污染日益严重。将生态环境因素纳入农业生产效率的考察是研究的新方向。本文采用DEA的方法,将化肥和农药的流失作为非期望产出,构建线性规划模型,对我国31个省、区、市2003-2011年的数据进行实证分析,结果表明：北京、天津、上海等11个省份的农业生产效率达到了DEA有效;有些省份未达到DEA有效的原因是自然条件的束缚,如陕西、宁夏等;有些省份是由于农业支持力度不够,如内蒙古和辽宁;环境因素是造成其非DEA有效的普遍原因,针对这些情况,本文给出了具体的改进目标。

The environmental pollution of agricultural production is increasingly serious.Taking ecological environment factors into the study of the efficiency of agricultural production is the new direction of the research.This paper uses the method of DEA and takes fertilizer and pesticide loss as undesirable outputs,then constructs linear programming model and uses 31 provinces data in China during 2003-2011 to make an empirical data analysis.The results show that：the efficiency of agricultural production in Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and other 11 provinces reach to the effectiveness of DEA.While some provinces do not reach the effectiveness of DEA,some are due to natural conditions such as Shaanxi,Ningxia and other provinces,some are due to inadequate agricultural support,such as Inner Mongolia and Liaoning.Environmental is a general influencing factor of efficiency.In view of this situation,this paper presents a specific improved target.