中美制造业双边贸易对美国相对工资差距的影响研究

THE IMPACT OF CHINA-U.S.MANUFACTURING TRADE ON THE RELATIVE WAGES OF THE U.S.

在新古典贸易理论一般均衡的框架之下,运用1997—2014年中美两国的投入产出、贸易和工资数据,本文定量考察了中美制造业产品的双边贸易同美国制造业相对工资差距的关系。结果发现,美国从中国的净进口对美国制造业非熟练劳动力和熟练劳动力相对工资差距扩大存在影响,但影响幅度较小,贸易并不是引起相对收入差距扩大的唯一原因。但随着中美双边制造业贸易的进一步发展,美中贸易对美国工资差距的影响可能越来越大,以保护非熟练劳动力为名对中国产品实施贸易限制的呼声将会更高。

Under the framework of neoclassical trade model, this paper uses China and U. S. Input- Output, trade, and wage data to explore the impact of China-U. S. Manufacturing trade on the relative wages in the U. S. We find that the net imports of the U. S. from China have widened the wage gap between the skilled labor and unskilled labor in the U. S. , but the magnitude is limited. Along with the increasing trade between China and the U. S. , this impact will strengthen. It potentially will lead to more trade protection against China under the name of protecting the unskilled workers in the U. S.