快捷货车转向架二系悬挂选型分析和设计研究

Research on Model Selection Analysis and Design of the Secondary Suspension of Rapid Freight Car Bogies

根据新型快捷货车转向架二系悬挂技术要求,设计了一种新型橡胶弹簧。对不同结构形式橡胶弹簧的垂向和剪切性能进行了有限元计算,并进行了选型分析;依据橡胶等应力设计理念和方法,对新型橡胶弹簧进行了结构优化设计;最后进行了静态特性、稳定性能、疲劳性能和台架动力学性能试验验证。计算和试验结果表明,新型橡胶弹簧在结构上既能保证合理的空重车挠度差,又具有较小的剪切刚度,尤其在剪切大变形工况,具有优异的结构可靠性,可以满足160~200km/h的运行要求。

A new type of rubber spring is designed on the basis of the requirements on the secondary suspension technique for the new type rapid freight car bogies.The finite element calculation is made for the vertical and shear performance of rubber springs of different structure types,and the model selection is analyzed.The structure optimization design is made for the new type rubber springs according to the rubber even stress design concept and method.Finally,they are verified by the tests on static features,stability performance and fatigue performance as well as by the dynamics performance test on test rig.The calculation and test results show that the new type rubber springs can both ensure the reasonable empty-loaded car deflection difference and have fairly small shear stiffness in structure,especially have excellent structure reliability under shear working conditions with big deform,and can meet the operation requirements at 160~200km/h.