基于主成分分析法的现有水质评价体系改进探讨

Discussion on the existing water quality assessment system based on principal component analysis

针对中国现行的单因子评价法存在水体过保护问题,在系统分析765个国控河流断面水质状况的基础之上,提出利用主成分分析法(PCA)首先识别河流主要污染指标、再以单因子评价法对主要指标进行水质评价的联合应用方法。将单因子评价法、PCA-单因子评价法的评价结果进行比较,两种方法对河流主要污染指标的识别较一致;将PCA和单因子评价法联合应用于水质评价,能更真实、客观地反映河流水质状况,有利于作出科学管理决策。

Abstract： On the water overprotection of China＇s current single-factor evaluation method, main ingredient anal- ysis method was proposed to firstly identify the major river pollution indicators based on China＇s 765 state-controlled water section water quality status, and then single-factor evaluation was applied for water quality evaluation on the main indicators. By comparing the single factor and principal component-single factor methods, consistent recognition was reached for the the main pollution indicators;on the evaluation of water quality category, the combined application of principal component analysis and single factor assessment method in water quality assessment could more truly and objectively reflect the river water quality,thus being conductive to make the scientific management decision.