发酵床对舍内环境质量和肉番鸭生产性能的影响

Effects of Floor Bedding Systems on Duck House Air Quality and Growing Muscovy Duck Performances

旨在探究发酵床结合网床架养模式对舍内环境质量和肉番鸭生产性能的影响。本研究选择同批次30日龄番鸭6 000只,随机等份放入发酵床平养、网床架养和发酵床网养3种鸭舍。每隔10d分别在08:00、14:00和20:00时检测舍内有害气体、粉尘、气载内毒素和细菌浓度以及鸭生产性能。结果显示,鸭36、46、56和66日龄时,发酵床网养舍内NH_3、内毒素、总菌、大肠杆菌和"沙门+志贺"氏菌浓度显著低于发酵床平养(P<0.05)或网床架养(P<0.05),56日龄时的PM10浓度低于发酵床平养(P<0.05);08:00、14:00和20:00时,发酵床网养舍内NH_3、总菌、大肠杆菌和"沙门+志贺"氏菌浓度显著低于发酵床平养(P<0.05)或网床架养(P<0.05),14:00时的内毒素以及20:00时的CO_2和内毒素浓度低于发酵床平养(P<0.05)。发酵床网养番鸭的日增重高于发酵床平养(P<0.05),成活率和饲料利用率(P<0.05)均高于网床架养和发酵床平养。结果表明,发酵床网上养鸭模式比单纯的发酵床平养或网床架养模式能更好地改善舍内空气环境质量以及提高番鸭健康和生产性能。

This study was designed to investigate the effect of novel bio-bedding under slatted floor（BBSF）system on duck house air quality and Muscovy duck production performance.A total of 6 000 Muscovy ducks with 30 days of age were randomly and equally allocated into 3types of houses,which were BBSF,conventional floor bio-bedding（CFBB）and slated floor（SF）system houses,respectively.The concentrations of harmful gas,dust,airborne lipopolysaccharide（LPS）and microorganisms in house at 08：00,14：00and 20：00every 10 days were tested,and Muscovy duck production performances were determined.During experiment period,the concentrations of NH3,LPS,total aerobe,Escherichia coli,＂Salmonella and Shigella＂in BBSF were lower than that in CFBB（P〈0.05）or SF（P〈0.05）at 36,46,56 and 66days of age,respectively,and PM10 concentration in BBSF was lower than that in CFBB（P〈0.05）at 56 days of age.The concentrations of NH3,total aerobe,Escherichia coli,＂Salmonellaand Shigella＂in BBSF were lowerthan that in CFBB（P〈0.05）or SF（P〈0.05）at 08：00,14：00and 20：00,respectively,and LPS concentration at 14：00and CO2 and LPS concentrations at 20：00in BBSF were all lower than that in CFBB（P〈0.05）.Duck daily gain in BBSF were higher than that in CFBB（P〈0.05）,while livability and feed efficiency（P〈0.05）in BBSF were also higher than that in CFBB and SF.The results indicate that,compared with CFBB or SF,BBSF is better in controlling house air environment and improving growing Muscovy duck health and production performance.