PP-St-DVB基强酸离子交换纤维的氯磺酸磺化工艺研究

Sulfonation of PP-St-DVB based strong acid ion exchange fiber with chlorosulfonic acid

以二乙烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂,制备聚丙烯（PP）纤维接枝苯乙烯（St）的纤维,以氯磺酸（HSO3Cl）为磺化剂,通过磺化反应制得PP-St-DVB基强酸离子交换纤维,考察了反应温度、反应时间、纤维接枝率及HSO3Cl用量对离子交换纤维交换容量的影响.结果表明：当PP-St-DVB纤维接枝率为130％ ～180％,磺化反应温度为50℃、反应时间为2h,HSO3Cl与接枝纤维中St的摩尔比即HSO3Cl/St摩尔比为1.5,制备的离子交换纤维的交换容量较高,约达3.3 mmol/g,同时可保证纤维的强度;当HSO3Cl/St摩尔比小于等于1.0时,纤维交换容量与HSO3Cl用量呈线性关系,继续增加HSO3Cl用量,纤维交换容量增加变缓;以HSO3Cl为磺化剂,磺化后的纤维可直接放入水中,无需酸液梯度浸洗,磺化液可继续循环使用.

A styrene （St） grafted polypropylene （PP） fiber was prepared by using divinylbenzene （DVB） as a crosslinker, from which a PP-St-DVB based strong acid ion exchange fiber was prepared by using chlorosulfonic acid （ HSO3 Cl） as a sulfonat- ing agent via sulfonation process. The effects of reaction temperature and time, graft yield and HSO3Cl amount on the exchange capacity of the ion exchange fiber were studied. The results showed that the obtained ion exchange fiber exhibited the exchange capacity as high as 3.3 mmol/g or so without loss of the fiber strength when the graft yield of PP-St-DVB fiber was 130% - 180%, the sulfonation temperature 50 ℃ and time 2 h, the mole ratio of HSO3Cl and St in the grafted fiber 1.5; the exchange capacity of the fiber showed a linear function of HSO3 CI amount at the HSO3 Cl/St mole ratio not higher than 1.0 and exhibited a decreasing growth while continuously increasing the HSO3 Cl amount; and the sulfonated fiber could be taken out directly into water without acid gradient bath, and the sulfonation solution of HSO3 Cl could be recycled.