对外开放与市场分割是倒U型关系吗?

Opening-up and Market Segmentation:Is there an Inverted U-Shaped Relationship?

通过修正的相对价格方差法,估算我国商品市场的分割程度,并在细分了研究区域和时期样本之后,利用最小二乘法、工具变量以及系统广义矩估计等方法估计了对外开放与市场分割的关系。结果显示,我国对外开放对市场分割并无显著的影响,二者不存在显著的相关性。而与此同时,国有经济的比重却会显著地加剧市场分割。事实上,自20世纪90年代中后期以来,造成我国商品市场分割程度趋于下降的主要原因是国有经济逐渐从竞争性的商品领域退出。因此,进一步推进市场一体化的关键在于打破国有企业的垄断地位,放开市场准入限制,构建更加自由和充分竞争的市场经济。

By employing the modified method of relative price variance, this paper calculates the degree of commodity market segmentation in China. After dividing the research region and the samples in different periods, it estimates the relationship between opening-up and market segmentation with the least square method, the instrumental variable method and the system GMM method. The results show that China＇s opening-up has no significant impact on market segmentation, there exists no significant correlation. Meanwhile, the proportion of state-owned economy would significantly intensify the market segmentation. In fact, since mid-1990 s, the main factor leading to the decrease of the degree of China＇s commodity market segmentation is the retreat of state-owned economy gradually from the competitive commodities. Therefore, the key to further promoting the market integration is to break up the monopoly of state-owned enterprises, loose the market access restrictions and construct a more uncontrolled and fully competitive market economy.