皖西村民糖尿病知识、自我效能及健康行为的通径分析

Path analysis of the relationships among diabetes knowledge,self-efficacy and health behaviors in rural residents of Western Anhui

目的:探索皖西村民糖尿病知识、自我效能与健康行为的关系,从而为改善当地居民的健康行为生活方式,进而有效地防控糖尿病提供依据。方法:采用自行设计编制的糖尿病知识量表、自我效能量表、健康行为调查量表对350名村民进行问卷调查,并检测空腹血糖(FPG)了解当地村民的血糖现况。结果:性别对健康行为有显著直接作用(CR=0.200,P<0.01)。年龄与糖尿病知识呈显著负相关(CR=-0.146,P<0.01),文化程度与糖尿病知识(CR=0.128,P<0.05)、自我效能(CR=0.167,P<0.01)呈显著正相关。糖尿病知识对健康行为也有直接作用(CR=0.225,P<0.05),同时糖尿病知识也以自我效能为中介对健康行为有间接影响(CR=0.143,P<0.01;CR=0.140,P<0.01)。结论:性别、糖尿病知识及自我效能对健康行为存在预测作用,自我效能在糖尿病知识和健康行为之间起中介作用。

Objective To study the relationships among diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy and health behaviors in rural residents of Western Anhui, and provide references for preventing diabetes. Methods 350 cases of rural residents were surveyed with self-designed structured questionnaires. And their fasting plasma glucose was determined. Results Gender had direct effect on health behaviors （ CR = 0.200, P 〈 0.01 ）. Age displayed significantly negative association with diabetes knowledge （ CR = -0. 146, P 〈 0. 01 ） , while education degree showed significantly positive association with diabetes knowledge （CR = 0. 128, P 〈 0.05 ） and self-efficacy （CR =0. 167, P 〈 0.01 ）. However, diabetes knowledge had not only significantly direct effect on health behaviors （CR = 0. 225, P 〈 0.05 ）, but also indirect effect on health behaviors mediating by self-efficacy （ CR = 0. 143, P 〈 0.01 ; CR = 0. 140, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Factors of gender, diabetes knowledge and self-efficacy had predictive effect on health behaviors. And seff-efficacy can play mediate role between diabetes knowledge and health behaviors.