电子束辐射对农作物秸秆粉/聚乙烯木塑复合材料结构与性能的影响

Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Structure and Properties of Crop Straw Flour/Polyethylene Composites

在不添加偶联剂和相容剂的情况下,将农作物秸秆粉(CSF)和聚乙烯树脂(LDPE)直接熔融共混复合制备木塑复合材料LDPE/CSF,研究高能电子束辐射(EB)对该木塑复合材料结构与性能的影响。力学性能测试表明,LDPE/CSF木塑复合材料的力学强度随辐射剂量的增加而增大;扫描电镜分析表明,随着辐射剂量的增加,木塑复合材料断面越来越平整,材料断面观察不到明显的农作物秸秆粉脱落现象;差示扫描量热分析表明,随着辐射剂量的增加,LDPE/CSF木塑复合材料的熔融峰逐渐向低温方向移动;24 h吸水率测试表明,经电子束辐射处理后的LDPE/CSF木塑复合材料吸水性能显著改善。这是由于电子束辐射使LDPE发生一定程度的交联,使原本相容性差的CSF和LDPE能够形成稳定的网络结构,提高LDPE/CSF木塑复合材料的界面相容性和力学强度,改善其耐水性能;另一方面,电子束辐射使LDPE/CSF木塑复合材料的结晶缺陷增多,降低其熔融温度。

Crop straw flour / polyethylene（ LDPE / CSF） composites without adding coupling agent and compatibilizer were prepared by direct melt blending,and the effects of electron beam irradiation on the structure and properties of LDPE / CSF composites were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties and water absorption of the LDPE /CSF composites can be improved significantly through the electron beam irradiation,and the interface compatibility is also improved because of formation of the stable cross-linked network structure between LDPE and CSF,on the other hand,due to the increase of crystal defects in PE irradiated by electron beam irradiation,the melting temperature of LDPE / CSF composites decreases. Radiation processing is a good and new technology to prepare wood-plastic composites with excellent comprehensive properties,and with a wide range of application.