基于足迹家族的广西壮族自治区资源与环境压力评价

Resource Environment Pressure Assessment from the Perspective of Footprint Family in Guangxi Province

研究目的:评估广西资源与环境的压力,为该区的生态文明建设提供参考依据。研究方法:基于足迹家族中的生态足迹、碳足迹和水足迹,构建由生态压力、GHG(温室气体)排放和水资源压力构成的资源环境压力评价指标体系。研究结果:(1)广西的生态压力从1990年的中上(Ⅱb)升为2013年的很高(Ⅲb)。2013年防城港和百色的生态压力为中上(Ⅱb),柳州、梧州、来宾和崇左较高(Ⅲa),南宁、桂林、柳州和北海等其余8市很高(Ⅲb)。(2)1990年以来广西的GHG排放等级较低(Ⅰb)。2013年北海的GHG排放为中上(Ⅱb),贵港和玉林为中下(Ⅱa),河池和梧州为很低(Ⅰa),柳州、防城港、南宁和桂林等其余9市较低(Ⅰb)。(3)1990年以来广西的水资源压力很低(Ⅰa)。2013年北海的水资源压力为中下(Ⅱa),南宁、玉林和贵港较低(Ⅰb),其余地区很低(Ⅰa)。(4)1990—2013年广西的资源环境压力由较低(Ⅰb)上升为中下(Ⅱa)。2013年北海和贵港的资源环境压力为中上(Ⅱb),玉林、南宁、钦州和柳州为中下(Ⅱa),桂林、百色和防城港等其余8市较低(Ⅰb)。研究结论:广西的资源环境压力主要归因于较高的生态压力。GHG排放等级虽不高,但其指数增高的势头不容忽视。

The purpose of this paper is to understand the resource environment pressure in Guangxi, China and to provide the basis for the eco-civilization construction in this region. The research method is to construct a regional resource environment pressure evaluation system based on the Footprint Family including ecological footprint, carbon footprint and water footprint. The results indicated that, during 1990 to 2013, the ecological pressure in Guangxi increased from above-average grade （Ⅲb） to very high grade （ Ⅲ b）. In 2013, the ecological pressure was at above-average grade （Ⅱb） in cities of Fangchenggang and Balse and was at high grade （Ⅲa） in cities of Liuzhou ,Wuzhou, Laibin and Chongzuo as well as was at very high grade （ Ⅲ b）in the rest eight regions such as Nanning, Guilin, Liuzhou and Baihai and so on. The greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions were always at low grade （Ib） in Guangxi. In 2013, the GHG emissions were at above-average grade （Ⅱb） in Beihai city and were at below-average grade （Ha） in cities of Guigang and Yulin and were at very low grade （Ia） in cities of Hechi and Wuzhou as well as were at low grade （Ib） in the rest 9 cities including Liuzhou, Fangchenggang, Nanning, Guilin and so on. The water resource pressure was very low （Ia）. In 2013, the water resource pressure was at below-average grade （Ⅱa） in Beihai City, and was at low grade （I b） in cities including Nanning, Yulin and Guigang as well as was at very low grade （I a） in the rest regions. The resource environment pressure increased from low grade （Ib） to below-average grade （IIa） during 1990-2013. In 2013, the resource environment pressure was at above-average grade （Ⅱb） in cities of Baihai and Guigang, and was at belowaverage grade （Ⅱa） in cities of Yulin, Nanning, Qinzhou and Liuzhou, and was at low grade （Ib） in other 8 cities such as Guilin, Baise and Fangchenggang and so on. The conclusion is that the high ecological pressure mainly contributed to the resource environment pressure in Guangxi. The GHG emission grade was not so high, however, its growth trend should not be ignored.