基于地形因子的吉林西部地区土地利用变化研究

Study on land use change in Western Jilin Province based on topographic factors

选取吉林省西部地区为研究对象,基于DEM及三期遥感影像,通过目视解译获取研究区土地利用数据,并从高程、坡度、坡向、坡形4个地形因子的角度对土地利用结构的变化特征进行了全面分析.结果表明：（1）1975—2013年间,吉林西部地区土地利用结构的变化主要表现为耕地、盐碱地面积的显著增加和草地面积的显著减少.（2）高程和坡度因子对吉林西部地区土地利用变化有着重要的影响,而坡向和坡形因子对土地利用变化影响不明显.（3）各土地利用类型多分布在100～200m海拔范围和0°～6°坡度范围内,但200～250m范围内土地利用变化量最大,主要表现为耕地、林地的增加和草地的减少.（4）1975—2000年间坡度在0°～6°范围内的土地表现为耕地、盐碱地面积的大幅增加和草地面积的大幅减少;2000—2013年间表现为耕地面积的小幅增加和草地、盐碱地面积的小幅减少.

The study on the impact of land use mode and change by topographical factors,is important for the sustainable utilization of land resources and regional sustainable development.Based on DEM and three remote sensing images,choose Western Jilin Province as the study area and get the land use data by vital interpretation.At the same time,totally analyze the change characters of land use structure from topographic factors such as elevation,slope gradient,slope aspect and slope shape.The conclusions can be drawn as follows.（1）From 1975 to 2013,the change of land use structure in Western Jilin Province is mainly expressed for the increase of farmland and saline-alkali land area and the decrease of grassland area;（2）Elevation and slope gradient have high importance on land use change in Western Jilin Province,and the effects on land use change by slope aspect and slope shape are not obvious;（3）Various land use types are mainly distributed in 100～200altitude range and 0°～6°slope gradient range,but the amount of land use change is large within 200～250 m,which is expressed as the increase of farmland and woodland and the decrease of grassland.（4）From 1975to2000,farmland and saline-alkali land increase seriously and grassland decrease within 0°～6°,and from2000 to 2013,farmland increase tinily and grassland and saline-alkali decrease fractionally.