白术氮、磷、钾营养吸收分配规律研究

Absorption and Distribution of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium in Atractylodes macrocephala

目的:通过田间试验研究白术对氮、磷、钾的吸收分配规律。方法:对白术不同生育期进行取样,分别测定植株不同部位的干物质量及氮、磷、钾含量。结果:一年生白术分别在现蕾期和根茎膨大期有两个养分吸收高峰期,白术所吸收的养分主要分配至地上部分。二年生白术在开花期出现养分吸收高峰期,开花期后白术所吸收的养分主要分配至地下部分。本试验条件下,二年生白术每生产100 kg根茎产品需要吸收N 2.65 kg、P_2O_50.91 kg、K_2O 2.16 kg。结论:在施好底肥的基础上,一年生白术要加强现蕾期和根茎膨大期两个阶段的追肥措施,二年生白术则要加强开花期的追肥措施。

Objective： To investigate the absorption and distribution of nitrogen（ N）,phosphorus（ P） and potassium（ K） in Atractylodes macrocephala by field experiment. Methods： The samples of Atractylodes macrocephala were carried out in different growing periods,and the amount of dry matter and the contents of N,P and K in different parts of the plant were determined,respectively. Results：The results showed that one-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala of budding stage and rhizome swelling stage were the key period of rapid nutrient absorption,and the absorbed nutrient element mainly allocated to the aerial part. For the two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala,flowering stage was the key period of rapid nutrient absorption,and the absorbed nutrient element mainly allocated to the rhizome. The average N,P_2O_5 and K_2O absorption per 100 kg rhizome product in two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala were 2. 65,0. 91 and 2. 16 kg,respectively. Conclusion： In addition to the appropriate base fertilizer,one-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala cultivation should pay attention to the topdressing during the budding stage and the rhizome swelling stage,while the two-year-old Atractylodes macrocephala cultivation should pay attention to the topdressing during the flowering stage.