中药煮散与饮片煎煮效率的对比研究Ⅰ.部分根和根茎类、花类、叶类和全草类药材

Comparative Study on Efficiency of Extraction of Boiling Powder and Traditional Herbal PiecesⅠ. Part of Root and Rhizome,Flower,Leaf and Whole Plant Medicinal Materials

目的:对比研究根和根茎类药材及花、叶、全草类药材煮散与饮片的煎煮效果,为煮散的研究及临床应用提供参考。方法:选取19味根和根茎类药材、4味花类药材、2味叶类药材及2味全草类药材为研究对象,将其制成煮散,对比分析煮散与饮片煎煮水煎液中有效成分的含量及得膏率。结果:煮散加10倍量水,煎煮1次,煎煮时间仅10 min的情况下,水煎液的干膏率及有效成分煎出量均不低于饮片的煎煮(10倍量水,煎煮50 min),两者的差异主要由饮片的质地疏密、体积大小决定。结论:饮片制成煮散,不仅省时省力、方便患者使用,而且从药学角度来看,煮散可以节约大量药材,有利于药材资源的可持续发展。

Objective： To compare the efficiency of extraction of boiling powder and traditional herbal pieces of root and rhizome,flower,leaf and whole plant medicinal materials for providing a reference for the study and clinical application of boiling powder. Methods： 19 kinds of root and rhizome herbs,the 4 kinds of flower medicinal materials,the 2 kinds of leaf medicinal materials and the 2 kinds of whole plant medicinal materials were chosen as the researh object and were crushed into boiling powder. The contents of the active ingredients and dry extract rate in the water decoction were set as the index to compare the extraction efficiency of boiling powder and traditional herbal pieces. Results： Boiling powder was added ten times of water,decocted one time,decoction time was only ten min,the dry extract rate and the concentration of ingredients in the decoction of boiling powder were not less than those in the traditional decoction of herbal pieces（ ten times of water,decoction time was 50 min）,this difference was mainly caused by the different of texture density and size of the medicinal materials. Conclusion： The boiling powder can not only save time and facilitate the patient,but also save a lot of medicinal materials from the perspective of chemical medicine,which is beneficial to the sustainable development of medicinal material resources.