快速检测在水产品养殖环节安全检测中的研究进展

Research progress on rapid detection in safety test of aquatic products breeding link

近年来随着水产品养殖产业规模的扩大,水产品安全问题也逐渐被暴露出来,成为人们对食品安全问题关注的一大焦点。本文阐述了养殖水产品在其养殖环节中的主要安全风险来源,包括养殖水体的消毒剂、重金属和养殖过程的药物残留如饲料中的农药、兽药残留及水产品中兽药残留等;并对水产品养殖环节安全检测中主要的快速检测技术的研究进展进行了综述,包括试纸法、传感器法、酶联免疫法(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)、化学发光酶免疫法(chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay,CLEIA)及胶体金免疫层析法(colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip assay,GICA)等。针对快速检测方法在水产品安全检测中的广泛应用,本文提出从方法的标准化和法律效力等方面逐步完善,以促进我国养殖水产品产业的安全持续发展。

In recent years,safety problems of aquatic products are exposed gradually along with the expanding scale of aquaculture product industry,which has become one of the focuses of people＇s concentration on food safety.This paper expounded the main sources of safety risks in the breeding link of aquaculture products,including sanitizers,heavy metals in aquatic water and medicine residues such as pesticide residues,veterinary drug residues in feed,and veterinary drug residues in aquatic products.The research progress on common rapid detection technologies in safety test of aquatic products breeding link were summarized,mainly including test paper method,sensor method,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）,chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay（CLEIA） and colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip assay（GICA）.Considering the application condition and tendency of rapid detection methods in aquaculture products safety test,this article puts forward that rapid detection methods should be standardized and effectual gradually,so as to promote the industry of breeding aquatic products for sustainable development in China.