多孔纤维自修复固沙材料制备及性能研究

Research on preparation and properties of porous fiber self-healing sand stabilization material

针对固沙材料在固结初期易破裂、耐受性差,以及破裂后无法再次成型等问题,研究了一种具有自修复功能的治沙材料。采用废旧棉布衣物及沙漠枯黄植物为原料,经改性发泡工艺制成多孔纤维作为固沙材料主体,利用尿醛树脂辅以GrubbsΙ型催化剂为封装材料,利用原位聚合法将二环戊二烯单体封装于多孔纤维体中,制成具有自修复功能的多孔纤维固沙材料。以西藏G317索县段细沙为实验对象,对自修复固沙材料的修复率、抗压强度、抗冻融性能和抗老化性能进行了实验研究。结果表明,自修复固沙材料在1.0%掺量下的初次固沙强度可达6.0 MPa;经3个自修复周期后修复率为74%,抗压强度为4.2 MPa;15次冻融循环后质量损失率仅为0.2%;600 h紫外光老化后抗压强度无明显损失,各项指标均高于国家标准。该材料具有原料来源广泛,固沙效果好及耐久性强等优点,在沙漠治理和水土保持方面有较高的利用价值。

The sand stabilization material is easy broken,poor tolerance at the beginning of consolidation,and can not cure again after broken.For the problem of the sand stabilization material,a self-healing function sand stabilization material was studied.Using waste wasted cotton clothing and desert withered plants as raw materials which were made into porous fibers by modified foam technology.Then the porous fibers sand stabilization material with self-healing capability was made using urea-formaldehyde resin with Grubbsl catalyst as packaging materials,and dicyclopentadiene singles packaged in porous fibers body by situ polymerization method.The silver sand,which come from national road 317 from Suo county was used as experimental subjects,and the repair rate,compressive strength,freezing and thawing performance and aging resistance of the sand-fixation material was studied.The results showed that： the sand stabilization initial strength can be up to 6.0 MPa,self-healing rate can be up to 74%,and compressive strength can be 4.2 MPa after three self-healing cycles.After 15 freeze-thaw cycles,its mass loss rate was just 0.2%and there was no significant loss of compressive strength after 600 h UV aging tests.The indicators were all higher than the National standard of sand-fixation material.This kind of material has the advantages of wide range of raw material sources,strong sand stabilization effect and durability,and has higher use value in the desert governance and soil and water conservation.