海岛小型太阳能海水淡化装置及产水量影响研究

Island based Small-size Solar Desalination Device and the Factors on its Water Yield

以所研制的可用于海岛景观生态修复的小型太阳能海水淡化装置为研究对象,通过实地测量的方法,对装置性能及产水量影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:装置室内海水温度与透光面板内壁面温度之差ΔT是海水蒸发产水主要影响因素。在任何装置室内温度下,海水表面蒸发都可进行,但只有当ΔT为正值的时间段内,才可有效的产生淡水。装置内海水深度对产水效率具有影响,在本研究中,水深较浅时,产水量差异不大,但水深较大时,随着水深的增加,产水量增加。装置覆盖面板材质对产水量有一定影响,试验研究表明,相比普通玻璃面板,有机玻璃盖板有利于提高产水量。装置内增加黑色海绵等吸热物质,将起到延缓池内水温下降的效果,有利于显著提高产水量。

An island based small -size solar desalination device was designed in this study and several factors were chosen to investigate their influences on its water yield. The research results show that the temperature difference between the water temperature inside the device and the temperature of the surface board is the driving power for desalination. Surface evaporation occurs at any water temperature. Howev- er, it only produces considerable fresh water when the above temperature difference ΔT great than zero. Water depth inside the device affects the water yield with a positive correlation relationship, namely the deeper the water inside the device the more fresh water will be produced. The material of the surface cov- er boards also affects the water yield. The results show that the Plexiglas cover board benefits solar desali- nation compared to the ordinary glass cover board. It helps to prolong the thermal insulation when black sponge was put into the device. Water yield was improved accordingly.