猕猴桃灰霉病拮抗解淀粉芽孢杆菌X17可湿性粉剂的研制

Development of Wettable Powder of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X17 for Control of Botrytis cinerea on Kiwifruits

以植物内生解淀粉芽孢杆菌X17为研究对象,通过对载体、分散剂、润湿剂、稳定剂、保护剂的筛选,确定了内生解淀粉芽孢杆菌X17可湿性粉剂最佳配方:硅藻土10%,羧甲基纤维素钠4%,十二烷基硫酸钠6%,甲基纤维素2%,糊精0.1%。结果显示,制备的解淀粉芽孢杆菌X17可湿性粉剂在25℃室温下芽孢含量为2.0×10^(10) cfu/g,pH 7.0,悬浮率78%,润湿时间35 s,细度通过率99%,制剂贮藏6个月存活率达78%。盆栽试验结果表明,内生解淀粉芽孢杆菌X17可湿性粉剂和母粉500倍液对猕猴桃灰霉病的保护效果分别为80.59%和68.82%,菌株X17可湿性粉剂的防治效果优于其母粉。

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X17, a plant endophyte, was used as raw material to develop its wettable powder. After carefully screening the influential factors including carrier, dispersing agent, wetting agent, stabilizer, and protective agent, the optimal formulation was determined to be 10% diatomite as filler, 4% CMC-Na as dispersing agent, 6% SDS as wetting agent, 2% methylcellulose as stabilizer, 0.1% dextrin as UV protective agent. The spore content of the wettable powder with a suspension rate of 78% and a dispersing time of 35 s, reached 2.0×1010 cfu/g （pH 7.0） in the quality evaluation investigation. Pot experiment showed that the protective effects of the diluted 500 times solutions of the prepared wettable powder and initial fermented powder were 80.59% and 68.82%, respectively. Importantly, its control efficacy against Botrytis gray mold of kiwifruit was superior to that of the initial fermented powder.