多余意义与文学史研究发展的新契机

The Surplus Meaning and a New Opportunity for the Research of the Literary History

文学文本在历史的演替中,可能会产生一系列不是作者设想,甚至也不是文本自身所包含的意义,它不是文本所固有的东西,因此称之为多余意义。本文分为三个方面:其一,指明多余意义的含义及其在文学史中可能体现的问题;其二,区分多余意义和文本本身所包含的剩余意义;其三,多余意义作为文学史论说的材料,即文学史不只是要论说文学的过去,也要论说文学的发展乃至在当今视野下的景观,这种关于多余意义的研讨可能成为文学史新的发见的契机。最后,多余意义作为文学史过程中生成的产物,需要我们积极地去发现而不是被动地等待。

Some meanings shall be discovered in the researches of literary texts, but they go beyond the author and the text, so they are called surplus meaning. This paper covers three points. First, what is surplus meaning as well as what it reflects. Second, surplus meaning and the meaning in the text should be distinguished. Third, literary history tells us not only the literary past but also the present and the future as well, so research of surplus meaning will give us some discoveries. Surplus meaning can be produced in the process of literary history, and we should discover them in an active way.