《聊斋志异》对《尚书》《周易》的借鉴及书证勘误

Liao Zhai Zhi Yi and Shangshu and Zhouyi

"五经"作为中国儒家的传统经典,与"四书"同为封建时代读书人的人生教科书。《尚书》与《周易》皆名列"五经",两者或被简称为《书》、《易》。凝结蒲松龄大半生心血的《聊斋志异》写作受"四书"、"五经"影响不言而喻,但比较而言,《聊斋志异》与《书》、《易》之关联较之与《诗经》、《礼记》乃至《春秋》(主要体现于《左传》)之关联更显简单。尽管如此,探讨这部文言短篇小说集与《书》、《易》的关系问题,对于研究《聊斋志异》的创作方法仍然不可或缺,对于清人以及今人注释中的有关误读或错解也有一定的廓清作用。

The＂ Five Canons＂ and the＂ Four Books＂ are traditionally confucianist classics and the textbooks for the intellectuals. Shangshu and Zhouyi are two of the Five Canons, which could be simplified as Shu and Yi. It is evident that the Liaozhai Zhiyi was influenced by the Five Canons and the Four Books, however, the connection and relationship between this collection of short novels and Shu and Yi are simpler than those between this collection of short novels and the other classics. Even so, only by exploring and elucidating their relationship, we could know better the creation method of Liaozhai and even correct some of the wrong understandings among the annotation during Qing dynasty and today.