中外医疗过失犯罪立法比较分析

Comparison Analysis on Chinese and Foreign Medical Negligence Crime Legislation

我国自1997年就已在刑法典里专门规定了对医疗过失犯罪的规制,但在近20年的时间里在医疗过失犯罪案件中,无论是医方还是患方对案件的处理结果都有很多争议。虽存在司法及执法方面的问题,但主要还是在医疗过失犯罪的立法方面存在诸多不完善之处。中外刑法关于医疗过失犯罪的立法在立法模式、立法内容和法定刑种类及幅度上都有较大差异。可以通过改变我国医疗过失犯罪的客体类别、提高医疗过失犯罪的法定刑幅度、在医疗过失犯罪的刑罚种类上增设罚金刑和资格刑达到完善我国医疗过失犯罪立法的目的,为处理好医患关系和平衡医患之间利益、构建和谐社会增加一份砝码。

Since 1997, China has special provisions in Criminal law of the People＇s Republic of China for the regulation of medical mal- practice crime, but in recent 20 years in medical negligence crime cases, both the medical establishment and the patients have a lot of contro-versy for the results of the cases. Although there are many problems at justice and law enforcement aspects, the main problem is the imperfections of the medical negligence crime legislation. The Chinese and foreign criminal law have obvious differences about the medical negligence crime legislation in legislative model, legislative content, legal sentence type and amplitude. We can change the object category of medical negligence crime by improving the medical negligence crime legal punishment, adding the pecuniary penalty and qualification penalty on the medical negligence criminal punishments to achieve the goal of improing Chinese medical negligence crime legislation. We can also handle the relationship between doctors and patients well and balance the interests between them to build a harmonious society.