海水入侵胁迫下的莱州市水资源承载力评价

Evaluation of Carrying Capacity of Water Resources under the Pressure of Seawater Intrusion in Laizhou,Shandong Province

莱州市地处胶东半岛西北部,属于我国沿海较为发达的地区。随着经济的快速发展,滨海平原过度开采地下水导致这一地区地下水位持续下降、地下水漏斗区面积逐步扩大并最终引起海水入侵灾害的发生。为评估海水入侵灾害胁迫下莱州市水资源承载力的变化状况,运用主成分分析法对其进行了综合评价,取得了较好的评价结果。结果表明,莱州市水资源承载力受水资源数量及利用水平、社会经济发展水平、生态环境状况以及海水入侵程度影响明显。研究时段内,地下水超采面积、海水入侵面积均呈现逐步减小的趋势,表明了海水入侵综合治理的良好效果,有助于莱州市水资源承载潜力的提高。水资源承载力综合得分计算表明,研究时段内莱州市水资源承载力不断下降,水资源承载的潜力持续减小,体现了区域社会经济发展水平不断提升的巨大影响。对海水入侵胁迫下水资源承载力的合理评估具有参考意义。

Laizhou is located on the coast of Laizhou Bay. With the rapid development of economy, the aquifers in the coastal plains of Laizhou are overexploited which results in the decline of groundwater level and seawater intrusion ultimately. The seawater intru- sion influences the usage of coastal aquifer groundwater. Considering this situation, the influencing factors of water resources carry- ing capacity in Laizhou are analyzed by using principal component analysis method. The results show that the carrying capacity of water resources of Laizhou is affected apparently by amount and use level of water resources, socio-economic development level, en- vironmental situation and sweater intrusion condition. During the study period, the area of seawater intrusion and groundwater ex- ploitation reduce step by step, which help the rise of carrying capacity potential of water resources of Laizhou. The comprehensive carrying capacity level of water resources of Laizhou is estimated then and the results show that the decline trend is found during the study period reflecting the influence of soeio-economical development of Laizhou. The research results of this paper presented can be helpful for the reasonable assessment of water resources carrying capacity of Laizhou in consideration of seawater intrusion.